Creating a Value Chain for CSMs: Valorization of Secondary Minerals and By-Products

Most mining operations extract only the dominant commodities present in the deposit. Accessory critical metals and minerals are seldom recovered, mixed in the residues and discarded in the tailings storage facility, while they could have been a significant revenue stream for the operation. This session aims to review the technical as well as economic challenges related to recovery and valorization of these secondary substances, both in operating mines and for new project development.