{"id":89063,"date":"2025-12-09T13:59:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T18:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mrnf.gouv.qc.ca\/?post_type=cpt_publication&p=89063"},"modified":"2025-12-09T13:59:13","modified_gmt":"2025-12-09T18:59:13","slug":"cold-enough-artificial-natural-chilling-acer-saccharum-marsh","status":"publish","type":"cpt_publication","link":"https:\/\/mrnf.gouv.qc.ca\/en\/our-publications\/cold-enough-artificial-natural-chilling-acer-saccharum-marsh\/","title":{"rendered":"Is It Cold Enough? Effects of Artificial and Natural Chilling\u00a0on Budbreak and Frost Hardiness in Acer\u00a0saccharum (Marsh.)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Published in Physiologia Plantarum 177(5): e70586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppl.70586<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

A crucial part of the phenological cycle in temperate and boreal trees is the exposure to chilling temperatures releasing endodormancy, which allows the trees to react to external signals and resume growth in spring. We compared the effect of artificial and natural chilling on endodormancy break and frost hardiness of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) seedlings. Samples were either placed in growing chambers under artificial chilling conditions (4\u00b0C) or outdoors (natural temperatures, including <\u20090\u00b0C) in Chicoutimi, Canada. During dormancy, we performed regular transfers to forcing conditions, quantified frost hardiness (LT50) at the time of transfer and observed the time to budbreak (TBB). We measured chilling accumulation with classic models considering only temperatures above 0\u00b0C (Chilling Hours, Utah Model, and Dynamic Model) and with a modified model accounting for all temperatures between \u221210\u00b0C and 7.2\u00b0C. Samples in artificial chilling showed earlier deacclimation and initiated budbreak in late April, indicating that 4\u00b0C can both fulfill the chilling requirement and initiate ontogenetic development. Samples under natural chilling showed later deacclimation, correlating with a longer TBB. Endodormancy break point was only identified in artificial conditions, after 2715 to 3075\u2009h at 4\u00b0C. The chilling model accounting for freezing temperatures outperformed classic chilling models. Seedling provenance did not have a significant effect. Our results indicate that including freezing temperatures can improve chilling calculations in cold climates or boreal species, where temperatures remain below 0\u00b0C during most of the winter. Moreover, measuring frost hardiness during chilling-forcing experiments can clarify how acclimation and deacclimation influence dormancy dynamics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Published in Physiologia Plantarum 177(5): e70586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppl.70586 A crucial part of the phenological cycle in temperate and boreal trees is the exposure to chilling temperatures releasing endodormancy, which allows the trees to react to external signals and resume growth in spring. We compared the effect of artificial and natural chilling on endodormancy break and frost […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"template":"","format":"standard","cptt_secteur":[1179],"cptt_theme":[1183,1180,1181],"cptt_categ_publi":[1149],"cptt_auteurs_ministeriels":[1111],"class_list":["post-89063","cpt_publication","type-cpt_publication","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","cptt_secteur-forests","cptt_theme-ecosystems-and-environment","cptt_theme-forestry-research","cptt_theme-forests","cptt_categ_publi-scientific-article","cptt_auteurs_ministeriels-p-raymond"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nIs It Cold Enough? Effects of Artificial and Natural Chilling\u00a0on Budbreak and Frost Hardiness in Acer\u00a0saccharum (Marsh.) - Minist\u00e8re des Ressources naturelles et des For\u00eats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We compared the effect of artificial and natural chilling on endodormancy break and frost hardiness of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) (...)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mrnf.gouv.qc.ca\/en\/our-publications\/cold-enough-artificial-natural-chilling-acer-saccharum-marsh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Is It Cold Enough? 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